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English Grammar in Use
Unit 84 - Some and any Some/any + -one/-body/-thing/-where

Unit 84

Some and any Some/any + -one/-body/-thing/-where

(a) Обычно some применяют в утвердительном

предложении, а any - в отрицательном и в вопросах

(но обратите внимание на пункты b и d):

 

- Sue has caught some flies. - We haven't got any money.

- I've got something tasty to eat. - He's busy. He never has any time.

- Let's go somewhere quiet. - She never goes anywhere.

- She refused to do anything.

 

 

(b) Any / anyone / anything и т.д. часто используются

после if :

 

- If there are any calls for me, can you say that I'm not home?

- If anyone has any questions, ask now.

- If you want anything, say it to the servant, he'll do everything.

 

в предложениях без if, но смысл в них тот же:

 

- Anyone who wants to get this job must give me their names before

Tuesday. (= if there is anyone who ...)

- I'll welcome any guests that will come to you. (= if there are any)

 

с В вопросительных предложениях обычно

употребляется местоимение any (а не `some'):

 

- Have you got any coffee? - Has anybody called me?

 

Но some часто используется в вопросах, когда

ожидаемым ответом является `yes' :

 

- What's wrong with him? Has he got some troubles? (= I think

he has got some troubles and I expect you to say `yes')

- She's in a hurry. Is she going out somewhere?

(= She's looking miserable. Isn't she going out anywhere?)

 

и в вопросах, особенно когда мы предлагаем или

просим о чём-либо:

 

- Would you like some work? - Can I have some of those vegetables?

 

(d) Any /anyone /anybody /anything /anywhere могут

означать

it doesn't matter which /who /what /where:

 

- You can buy any of these suits.

(=неважно который из этих костюмов)

- Call me any time you need. (=неважно когда)

- You can have anything you want for your birthday present.

- She left the child in the street. Anybody could have walked off with it.

- I'd rather go anywhere than stay at home.

- `Tell me a story.' `What story shall I tell?' `Any one. I don't mind.'

 

(e) Someone /somebody /anyone /anybody используются,

как слова в единственном числе:

 

- Someone wants to talk with you.

- Is anybody home?

 

Но часто they / them / their используются после

этих слов вместо he / she :

 

- If anyone needs to leave , they can. (= he or she can)

- Somebody has spilt their (= his or her) coffee on the carpet.

 

Про some of / any of смотри Unit 82.

Про not...any смотри Unit 85.



Источник: http://www.egramar.com
Категория: Мои статьи | Добавил: kroshkaenot (06.01.2010)
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